Mass Phase of the National Movement (1915-1947) (Gandhian Era)

The final and the decisive phase of the Indian Nationalist Movement [1917-1947], also known as the Gandhian Era, began after Gandhiji returned to India from South Africa in January 1915.

This period belonged to Mahatma Gandhi as he emerged the biggest leader of the National Movement in British India.

Gandhi was successfully able to convert the nationalist movement into a mass movement and used his principles of non-violence and Satyagraha to fight the British Government.

Gandhiji was greatly influenced by Leo Tolstoy, John Ruskin, and Swami Vivekananda. His political Guru Gopal Krishna Gokhale and Dadabhai Naroji also influenced him greatly.

His methods involved a peaceful violation of specific laws, occasional hartals (strikes) and spectacular marches. Gandhi was also always ready for negotiations and compromises, which is why many also term his struggle against the British rule as ‘struggle-truce-struggle’.

Useful Links:

• Non-coperation Movement
• Civil Disobedience Movement
• Quit India Movement
• Contribution of Subhas Chandra Bose and objectIves of the INA
• Main points of the Mountbatten Plan.
• The Indian Independence Act of 1947

References

Non-cooperation movement
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-cooperation_movement

Rowlatt Act
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rowlatt_Act

Salt March
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salt_March

March 12, Mohandas Gandhi begins 241-mile civil disobedience march
https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/gandhi-leads-civil-disobedience

Round Table Conferences, 1930-1932
http://www.open.ac.uk/researchprojects/makingbritain/content/round-table-conferences-1930-1932

Quit India Movement
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quit_India_Movement

Freedom Struggle
https://knowindia.gov.in/culture-and-heritage/freedom-struggle/quit-india-movement.php

Quit India Movement: How August Movement became a watershed moment in India’s freedom struggle
https://www.firstpost.com/india/quit-india-movement-how-august-movement-became-a-watershed-moment-in-indias-freedom-struggle-8686331.html

Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose: Role in Indian Independence
https://www.studymumbai.com/subhash-chandra-bose/

Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose Birth Anniversary: History and significance
https://www.hindustantimes.com/more-lifestyle/netaji-subhas-chandra-bose-birth-anniversary-history-and-significance/story-xgLxOijqCfA9gI5EbZyXZI.html

Remembering Mountbatten’s June 3 Plan
https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/archive/comment/remembering-mountbatten-s-june-3-plan-599572

Mountbatten Plan
https://www.amu.ac.in/emp/studym/99998291.pdf

Indian Independence Act 1947
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Independence_Act_1947

1947 Indian Independence Act
https://www.parliament.uk/about/living-heritage/evolutionofparliament/legislativescrutiny/parliament-and-empire/collections1/collections2/1947-indian-independence-act/

Indian Independence Act, 1947: A forgotten title!
https://theleaflet.in/indian-independence-act-1947-a-forgotten-title/